{"id":92138,"date":"2019-07-09T12:00:18","date_gmt":"2019-07-09T09:00:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.proscon.com.tr\/?page_id=92138"},"modified":"2023-07-21T22:48:00","modified_gmt":"2023-07-21T19:48:00","slug":"human-factors-and-human-error","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.proscon.com.tr\/en\/human-factors-and-human-error\/","title":{"rendered":"Human Factors and Human Error"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row row_height_percent=”0″ back_image=”88271″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ column_width_percent=”100″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ enable_bottom_divider=”default” bottom_divider=”gradient” shape_bottom_h_use_pixel=”” shape_bottom_height=”150″ shape_bottom_opacity=”100″ shape_bottom_index=”0″ uncode_shortcode_id=”115128″][vc_column width=”1\/1″][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=”h1″ text_size=”h1″ separator=”yes” separator_color=”yes” sub_reduced=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”167660″]Human Factors and Human Error[\/vc_custom_heading][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1\/1″][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”122677″] <\/strong>Meltem S\u00d6\u011e\u00dcTCEPINAR
\n<\/strong> Chemical Engineer<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Human Factors and Human Error<\/h2>\n

According to Whittingham, human error is defined as \u201can undesirable failure of a purposeful action, either alone or as part of a planned series of actions, to achieve a specified outcome, both within the defined tolerance limits for the action itself and the outcome.\u201d[1] As a result of increasing chemical facilities day by day, the number of work accidents due to human origin in the chemical industry is also increasing.<\/sup> When the root causes of accidents in the chemical industry are examined, it is understood that 65% of them are human-related accidents.<\/p>\n

Figure 1. Root cause rates of accidents in the Chemical Industry[\/vc_column_text][vc_single_image media=”79846″ media_lightbox=”yes” media_width_percent=”65″ lbox_skin=”white”][vc_column_text]Human factors are used to identify and reduce the sources and consequences of human errors. The human factor is a discipline that considers human interaction with the rest of the system, such as the environment, facilities, equipment.<\/p>\n

The three aspects that human factors consider are as follows.<\/p>\n

    \n
  • To ensure ergonomics<\/u><\/strong> in the working environment by matching the design and operating procedures of the equipment with the physical abilities of the operators.<\/li>\n
  • Matching equipment design and operating procedures with operators’ cognitive abilities and characteristics.<\/u><\/strong><\/li>\n
  • Assessing how the organization’s safety culture<\/u><\/strong> and attitude affects the way processes are run.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    The purpose of using human factors is to evaluate human performance in the current situation and to continue to protect process safety by determining and taking necessary actions. This is achieved by analyzing the capabilities and limits of those working in the facility and matching them to equipment and processes.<\/p>\n

    While most of the early studies were concerned with the physical abilities of the employee when analyzing the abilities and limits of an employee in a facility, today these analyzes focus on mental tasks as well as physical tasks. In this way, the task distribution in the facility is made in the most efficient way, and the tasks are automated.<\/p>\n

    Even though developing technology and modern control systems have a high degree of automation, people still have overall responsibility for the safe and economical operation of the plant. For this reason, in order for humans to be able to provide this capability, systems that protect and tolerate human errors and trainings are required to improve the decision making of operators in these abnormal situations.<\/p>\n

    Human errors occur in the ergonomics, cognitive factors, and safety culture deficiencies that the human factor takes into account. At this point, human errors arising from two main sources are related to engineering. The first of these is the accident investigation<\/strong>, and the second is the hazard assessment<\/strong>, in which the interaction between human and system performance can be evaluated. When human error root cause accidents are examined, the obvious predominance of human errors is noticed. The main causes of human errors are given in Figure 2.<\/p>\n

    .[\/vc_column_text][vc_single_image media=”79848″ media_lightbox=”yes” media_width_percent=”100″ lbox_skin=”white”][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”158865″]\u015eekil 2. \u0130nsan Hatalar\u0131n\u0131n Nedenleri [2]<\/sup><\/p>\n

    \u0130nsan hatas\u0131na sistematik bir yakla\u015f\u0131mda hatalar s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131 ve do\u011frudan veya dolayl\u0131 \u015fekilde uygun modellere dayand\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rman\u0131n tek boyutta olmas\u0131 gerekmemektedir. Tesiste \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmay\u0131 iki boyutlu olarak y\u00fcr\u00fctmektedir.<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u0130nsan davran\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/li>\n
    • G\u00f6rev \u00f6zellikleri<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u0130nsan hatas\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131nda g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7ine al\u0131nan bili\u015fsel fakt\u00f6r ise bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli konudur. Rasmussen[3]<\/sup> proses kontrol\u00fc gibi bir g\u00f6revi yerine getirmek i\u00e7in 3 insan yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 tipi veya seviyesi ay\u0131rt etmektedir. Bu tip veya seviyeler a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibidir.<\/p>\n